Deciding What Edibles to Grow-Better Landscaping

Deciding What Edibles to Grow in Your Landscape

One of the first things in having an edible landscape is to decide what plants to grow. This is
fun, but it's also serious business. Unfortunately, we can't grow everything we might like in a small, backyard or in a community garden plot. Your first consideration should be what do you and your family like to eat. Other considerations are the value of the crop and its nutritional value.

Value & Nutrition of Crop
Vegetable value can be due to either a high price per pound or a high yield of produce. Vegetables highest in value for the space they take up are:
1. Tomatoes, grown vertically on supports to save space
2. Rhubarb
3. Green bunching onions
4. Leaf lettuce
5. Turnips, for greens and roots
6. Summer squash: zucchini, scallop and yellow types
7. Asparagus
8. Edible podded peas
9. Onion bulbs for storage
10. Beans, pole or runner types (green or wax pod)
11. Beets, grown for green tops and roots
12. Beans, bush (green or wax pod)
13. Carrots
14. Cucumbers, grown up supports to save space
15. Peppers, sweet or bell
16. Broccoli
17. Kohlrabi
18. Swiss chard
19. Mustard greens
20. Spinach

At the bottom of the list are potatoes, Brussels sprouts, celery, corn, winter squash
and melons. Other veggies are in between.

Nutrition

People have lots of reasons for growing edibles. Whatever our primary motivation,nutrition should be at least a secondary one. Unfortunately, most gardeners seem to give little thought to nutrition. A few years ago, a Gallup poll done for the National Gardening Association showed that none of the 10 most popular vegetables grown by American gardeners are among the 10 most nutritious that they could grow.

Actually how you define "most nutritious" is up for debate. American Health magazine (May '87) came up with their rating (below left) after looking at concentrations of protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A, vitamin C, potassium, phosphorous, thiamin, riboflavin and niacin. The Center for Science in the Public Interest created a score for each vegetable by adding up the percent of the RDA recommended daily allowance) for six nutrients vitamins A & C, folate, iron,copper and calcium. Vegetables are an important source of fiber and they felt fiber should influence the ratings. There is no RDA for fiber, so they assigned it one.

American Health Magazine List
1. Collard greens
2. Shelled beans (like limas)
3. Peas
4. Spinach
5. Sweet potatoes
6. Turnip greens
7. Winter squash
8. Broccoli
9. Kale
10. Brussels sprouts
11. Mustard greens
12. Swiss chard
13. Tomatoes
14. Corn
15. Beet greens
16. Potatoes
17. Carrots & Parsnips
18. Summer squash
19. Cauliflower
20. Green beans

Center for Science in the Public Interest List
1. Sweet potatoes
2. Carrots
3. Spinach
4. Collards
5. Red bell pepper
6. Kale
7. Broccoli
8. Brussels sprouts
9. Potatoes
10. Winter squash
11. Swiss chard
12. Snow peas
13. Mustard greens
14. Kohlrabi
15. Cauliflower
16. Asparagus
17. Green bell pepper
18. Peas
19. Romaine
20. Endive

The lists are very different, but there are some similarities too. Look at all the leafy greens on both lists and both lists contain those orange, vitamin A powerhouses--sweet potatoes, carrots, and winter squash. Don't worry too much about exactly where a vegetable placed on the list, after all, these are all winners. Are you growing crops that aren't on these lists? Tomatoes, peppers and green beans, the top three most popular garden vegetables, each only made one of the lists. Cucumbers, onions and lettuce, the next three most popular crops, aren't here at all. Neither are radishes, beets and turnip roots, eggplant or celery .Okra was skipped, as were cantaloupe and avocados in reprinting these lists, since local gardeners are not likely to grow much of these crops. Sweet potatoes was left in as a challenge. It did so well that perhaps we should be trying harder to grow some of the cultivars adapted to cool climates. Parsley was skipped , which appears in the teens on both lists. Most of us don't eat much parsley, though perhaps we should!

Choose varieties developed to grow well in our area. In some cases, the wrong variety can give you poor results, even if you do everything else right.

Advice for Beginners
Don’t try to grow more than about 8 vegetables in your first garden. With experience, a couple more can be added each year as gardening skill and confidence grows. New gardeners may want to try the easiest vegetables and avoid the ones that are more difficult to grow here. The vegetables in the easy list are mostly ones which are fairly quick to mature as well. Fast-growing vegetables are good choices when gardening with children, who often don't have a lot of patience. Aids (such as raised beds, cloches, cold frames and row covers) will also help.